Ir al menú de navegación principal Ir al contenido principal Ir al pie de página del sitio

Efficiency of threonine utilization in the growing pigs

Efficiency of threonine utilization in the growing pigs



Abrir | Descargar

Cómo citar
S Ceron, M., de Oliveira, V., B de Quadros, A., E Gewehr, C., T Rocha, L., & A Alves, D. (2016). Efficiency of threonine utilization in the growing pigs. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 21(1), 5137-5144. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.24

Dimensions
PlumX
Marcos S Ceron
Vladimir de Oliveira
Arlei B de Quadros
Clóvis E Gewehr
Leonardo T Rocha
Débora A Alves

ABSTRACT

Objective. This study aimed to determine the marginal efficiency of threonine utilization in growing pigs by using the nitrogen balance technique. Materials and methods. Twelve castrated pigs with an average live weight of 72±2 kg were housed in metabolic cages maintained in a temperature controlled room of 22±3°C. The treatments consisted of four diets calculated to meet 30, 45, 60 and 70% of the nutritional requirements of standardized ileal digestible threonine. The amino acids others than threonine were maintained at least 15% above threonine requirements, expressed in terms of ideal levels. The amount of feed supplied was calculate to provide 2.6 times the metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance and adjusted daily according to an expected daily gain rate of 0.8 kg. Results. Pigs consumed 1.65 g kg-1 BW0.75 nitrogen daily, on average and 61% was retained and, as a result, 39% was excreted, being 31% through the feces and the remainder (69%) in the urine. The pigs showed a linear retention of threonine in response to the increase of standardized threonine intake. For each gram of standardized threonine intake 0.37 g were lost during the metabolism. Conclusions. It is concluded that for calculating nutritional requirements of standardized threonine of pigs by the factorial method, it is possible to use the utilization marginal efficiency of 0.63.

RESUMEN

Objetivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la eficiencia marginal del uso de treonina para cerdos en fase de crecimiento, por medio de la técnica de balance de nitrógeno. Material y métodos. Fueron utilizados doce cerdos machos castrados con peso promedio de 72±2 kg alojados en jaulas metabólicas climatizadas a una temperatura ambiente de 22±3°C. Los tratamientos consistieron en cuatro dietas calculadas para 30, 45, 60 y 70% de las necesidades nutricionales de treonina digestible estandarizada. Los demás aminoácidos se añadieron a las dietas para lograr una proporción de al menos 15% de sus necesidades expresadas con relación a la treonina. La cantidad de alimento proporcionado se calculó para suministrar 2.6 veces la energía metabolizable y ajustada todos los dias, según una tasa de ganancia media diaria de 0.8 kg. Resultados. Los cerdos consumieron 1.65 g kg-1 PV0.75 de nitrógeno por dia. En promedio 61% de nitrógeno ingerido se conservó y 39% fue excretado por el animal. El 31% se excretó en las heces y el resto (69%) en la orina. Los cerdos mostraron una retención lineal de treonina, con relación al aumento en la ingesta de treonina digestible estandarizada. Por cada gramo de treonina digestible estandarizada ingerido 0.37 g se perdieron durante el metabolismo. Conclusiones. Se concluye que, para el cálculo de las necesidades nutricionales de treonina digestible estandarizada para cerdos por método factorial, es posible utilizar la eficiencia marginal del uso de treonina a 0.63.

 

 


Visitas del artículo 945 | Visitas PDF


Descargas

Los datos de descarga todavía no están disponibles.
  1. Zhu CL, Rademacher M, de Lange CFM. Increasing dietary pectin level reduces utilization of digestible threonine intake, but not lysine intake, for body protein deposition in growing pigs. J Anim Sci 2005; 83(5):1044-1055. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/2005.8351044x
  2. Hauschild L, Pomar C, Lovatto PA. Systematic comparison of the empirical and factorial methods used to estimate the nutrient requirements of growing pigs. Animal 2010; 4(5):714-723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1751731109991546
  3. NRC. National Research Council. Nutrient Requirements of Swine, 11th ed. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press; 2012.
  4. van den Borne JJGC, Schrama JW, Heetkamp MJW, Verstegen MWA, Gerrits WJJ. Synchronising the availability of amino acids and glucose increases protein retention in pigs. Animal 2007; 1(5):666-674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1751731107736741
  5. van Milgen J, Valancogne A, Dubois S, Dourmad J, Sève B, Noblet J. InraPorc: A model and decision support tool for the nutrition of growing pigs. Anim Feed Sci Tech 2008; 143(1-4):387-405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.05.020
  6. AOAC. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official methods of analyses. Ass Agric Chem 18th ed. Washington: AOAC; 2005.
  7. de Lange CFM, Gillis AM, Simpson GJ. Influence of threonine intake on whole-body protein deposition and threonine utilization in growing pigs fed purified diets. J Anim Sci 2001; 79(12):3087-3095. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/2001.79123087x
  8. Libao-Mercado AJ, Leeson S, Langer S, Marty BJ, de Lange CF. Efficiency of utilizing ileal digestible lysine and threonine for whole body protein deposition in growing pigs is reduced when dietary casein is replaced by wheat shorts. J Anim Sci 2006; 84(6):1362-1374. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/2006.8461362x
  9. Minitab Statistical Software. 2013. Release 16.1 for windows. Minitab inc. State College PA: USA.
  10. Heger J, Krιzova L, Sustala M, Nitrayova S, Patras P, Hampel D. Individual response of growing pigs to sulphur amino acid intake. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 2007; 92(1):18-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.2007.00686.x
  11. Heger J, Krιzova L, Sustala M, Nitrayova S, Patras P, Hampel D. Individual response of growing pigs to lysine intake. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 2008; 93(5):538-546. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.2008.00837.x
  12. van Milgen J, Dourmad J. Concept and application of ideal protein for pigs. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2015; 15 (6):1-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40104-015-0016-1
  13. Heger J, van Phung T, Krιzova L. Efficiency of amino acid utilization in the growing pig at suboptimal levels of intake: Lysine, sulphur amino acids and tryptophan. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 2002; 86(5-6):153-165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0396.2002.00368.x
  14. Blank B, Schlecht E, Susenbeth A. Effect of dietary fibre on nitrogen retention and fibre associated threonine losses in growing pigs. Arch Anim Nutr 2012; 66(2): 86-101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1745039X.2012.663669
  15. Morel PCH, Melai J, Eady SL, Coles GD. Effect of non-starch polysaccharides and resistant starch on mucin secretion and endogenous amino acids losses in pigs. Asian Australas J Anim Sci 2005; 18(11):1634-1641. http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2005.1634
  16. Pomar C, Hauschild L, Zhang G, Pomar J, Lovatto PA. Applying precision feeding techniques in growing-finishing pig operations. R Bras Zootec 2009; 38(spe):226-237.
  17. Wecke C, Libert F. Optimal dietary lysine to threonine ratio in pigs (30 – 110 kg bw) derived from observed dietary amino acid efficiency. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 2010; 94(6):1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.2009.00969.x

Sistema OJS 3.4.0.3 - Metabiblioteca |