Influence of land use on the diversity and composition of edaphic arthropods in the Granja Tunguavita

Influencia del uso del suelo en la diversidad y composición de artrópodos edáficos en la Granja Tunguavita

The modification of the landscape, the intense exploitation of natural resources through intensive agriculture and the advance of the agricultural frontier result in the homogenization of the landscape and alteration of soil physicochemical conditions. These soil alterations cause changes in the composition and diversity of edaphic arthropod communities that can be used as biomonitoring and diagnostic tools in local areas. The objective of the study was to evaluate the diversity of edaphic arthropods and their association to different physicochemical parameters (i.e., pH, real density, bulk density, %OC, %OM and gravimetric and volumetric humidity) in three soil uses (permanent crop, rotational crop and pasture) in the experimental farm Tunguavita Paipa - Boyacá. The plot sampling technique was used to obtain data on biological and physicochemical variables. Samples were taken in three soil uses, permanent crop, rotational crop and cattle ranch. The edaphic arthropods and physicochemical variables were determined in the soil laboratory of the Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. The highest diversity of edaphic arthropods (309 individuals) was recorded in the permanent crop plot, followed by the rotational crop plot, both with high average values of %OM (1.82 - 1.90) and %OC (1.05 - 1.10). The Oligochaeta, Diplopoda and Araneae group were the major contributors to the biological differentiation between land uses. The changes in the abundance of edaphic arthropods were related to % gravimetric humidity, %volumetric humidity, pH, %OM and %OC, while the values of real density and bulk density did not correlate to a great extent with the changes in abundance. These variations allow the differentiation of land uses in an intervention gradient.

1. Allouche, O., Kalyuzhny, M., Moreno-Rueda, G., Pizarro, M., Kadmon, R. 2012. Area–heterogeneity tradeoff and the diversity of ecological communities. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109(43), 17495-17500. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1208652109.
2. Almada, M.S. 2014. Biodiversidad y densidad de arañas (Araneae) en un sistema agropastoril, tendientes a mejorar el impacto de los enemigos naturales sobre insectos plaga. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. https://doi.org/10.35537/10915/34072.
3. Amat-García, G.D. 2009. Biodiversidad Regional: Santa María, Boyacá. Guía de Campo. Artrópodos: Arácnidos, Miriápodos, Crustáceos, Insectos. Bogotá D C., Colombia. ISBN: 9587193725.
4. Arribas, P., Abellán, P., Velasco, J., Bilton, D., Lobo, J., Millán, A., Sánchez-Fernández,D. 2012. La vulnerabilidad de las especies frente al cambio climático, un reto urgente para la conservación de la biodiversidad. Ecosistemas, 21(3), 79-84. https://doi.org/10.7818/ECOS.2012.21-3.10.
5. Bedano, J.C., Domínguez, A., Arolfo, R., Wall, L.G. 2016. Effect of good agricultural practices under no-till on litter and soil invertebrates in areas with different soil types. Soil and Tillage Research 158, 100-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2015.12.005.
6. Brussaard, L. 2012. Ecosystem services provided by the soil biota. Soil ecology and ecosystem services, 45-58. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199575923.001.0001.
7. Causarano, H.J., Shaw, J.N., Franzluebbers, A.J., Reeves, D.W., Raper, R.L., Balkcom, K.S., Norfleet, M.L. Izaurralde, R.C. 2007. Simulating FieldScale Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics Using EPIC. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 71: 1174-1185. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2006.0356.
8. Choate, P.M. 2010. Introduction to the Identification of Adult Insects and Related Arthropods. University of Florida, Florida, p1-14.
9. Clarke, K.R. 1993. Nonparametric multivariate analyses of changes in community structure. Australian Journal of Ecology, 18: 117-143. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.1993.tb00438.x
10. IGAC, Instituto Geográfico Agustin Codazzi. 2006. Métodos analíticos del laboratorio de suelos. Bogota, p648. ISBN: 9789589067987.
11. Coleman, D.C., Callaham, M.A., Crossley Jr, D.A. 2017. Fundamentals of soil ecology. Academic press. p376. ISBN: 9780128052518.
12. Coleman, D.C., Wall, D.H. 2007. Fauna: the engine for microbial activity and transport. Elsevier. 163-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-047514-1.50011-1.
13. Cuesta Segura, A.D. 2016. Respuesta de las comunidades de artrópodos a las perturbaciones ya los cambios en la estructura de la vegetación en ecosistemas de matorral de la Cordillera Cantábrica Arthropod responses to environmental perturbations and changes in the structure of the egetation in shrub ecosystems of the Cantabrian Mountains. https://doi.org/10.18002/10612/5263.
14. De Aquino, A.M., da Silva, R.F., Mercante, F.M., Correia, M.E.F., de Fatima Guimaraes, M., Lavelle, P. 2008. Invertebrate soil macrofauna under different ground cover plants in the no-till system in the Cerrado. european journal of soil biology 44(2), 191-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.05.001.
15. De Carvalho, N.L., de Barcellos, A.L., Bubans, V.E. 2019. Ácaros Fitófagos em plantas cultivadas e os fatores que interferem em sua dinâmica populacional. Revista Técnico Científica do IFSC 2(7), 04-7. ISSN: 2316-8382.
16. Diaz, B.M. 2020. El uso del aliso (Lobularia maritima) para promover artrópodos benéficos en el agroecosistema hortícola. Ediciones INTA. ISBN: 978-987-8333-33-5.
17. Díaz Porres, M., Rionda, M.H., Duhour, A.E., Momo, F.R. 2014. Artrópodos del suelo: Relaciones entre la composición faunística y la intensificación agropecuaria. Ecología austral 24(3), 327-334. https://doi.org/10.25260/EA.15.24.3.0.10.
18. Diekötter, T., Wamser, S., Wolters, V., Birkhofer, K. 2010. Landscape and management effects on structure and function of soil arthropod communities in winter wheat. Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 137(1-2), 108-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.01.008.
19. Domínguez, A., Bedano, J.C., Becker, A.R. 2010. Negative effects of no-till on soil macrofauna and litter decomposition in Argentina as compared with natural grasslands. Soil and Tillage Research 110(1), 51-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.06.008.
20. Donoso, D.A., Johnston, M.K., Kaspari, M. 2010. Trees as templates for tropical litter arthropod diversity. Oecologia 164, 201–211 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-010-1607-3.
21. Dornelas, M. 2010. Disturbance and change in biodiversity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences 365(1558), 3719-3727. http://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0295.
22. Espinal, C. F., Martínez Covaleda, H. J., Peña Marín, Y. 2005. La cadena de los frutales de exportación en Colombia: Una mirada global de su estructura y dinámica 1991-2005. Bogota, p1-65. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12324/18862.
23. Falco, L.B., Momo, F. 2010. Selección de hábitat: efecto de la cobertura y tipo de suelo en lombrices de tierra. Acta zoológica mexicana 26(SPE2), 179-187. ISSN 2448-8445.
24. Feijoo-Martínez, A., Zúñiga, M.C., Quintero, H., Carvajal-Vanegas, A.F., Ortiz, D.P. 2010. Patrones de asociación entre variables del suelo y usos del terreno en la cuenca del río La Vieja, Colombia. Acta zoológica mexicana, 26(spe2), 151-164. ISSN 2448-8445.
25. Forero Pineda, N., Serrano-Cely, P.-A., Forero-Ulloa, F.-E., Almanza-Merchán, P.-J., Cely-Reyes, G.-E. 2021. Composition and abundance of weed-species in relation to physicochemical variables in soil for peach Prunus persica L. var. Rubidoux. Revista Colombiana De Ciencias Hortícolas, 15(2), e12141. https://doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2021v15i2.12141
26. Galantini, J.A., Suñer, L. 2008. Las fracciones orgánicas del suelo: análisis en los suelos de la Argentina. AgriScientia, 25(1), 41–55. https://doi.org/10.31047/1668.298x.v25.n1.2740.
27. Gergócs, V., Hufnagel, L. 2009. Application of oribatid mites as indicators. Applied ecology and environmental research 7(1), 79-98. https://doi.org/10.15666/AEER/0701_079098.
28. Gomez Pamies, D.F., Godoy Guglielmone, M.C., Coronel, J.M. 2016. Macrofauna edáfica en ecosistemas naturales y agroecosistemas de la eco-región Esteros del Iberá (Corrientes, Argentina). págs.43-56, ISSN 0326-3169.
29. González-Montaña, L.A., Wilches-Álvarez, W., Rocha-Caicedo, C. 2017. Diversidad alfa y beta de artrópodos epigeos (Arthropoda) en tres sectores sobre la Cordillera Oriental de Colombia. Revista Colombiana de Entomología 43(2), 292-300. https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v43i2.5962.
30. Iannacone, J., Alvariño, L. 2006. Diversidad de la artropofauna terrestre en la Reserva Nacional de Junín, Perú. Ecología aplicada 5(1-2), 171-174. https://doi.org/10.21704/rea.v5i1-2.332.
31. Lavelle, P., Decaëns, T., Aubert, M., Barot, S.B., Blouin, M., Bureau, F., Margerie, P., Mora, P., Rossi, J,P. 2006. Soil invertebrates and ecosystem services. European journal of soil biology 42, S3-S15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2006.10.002.
32. Moço, M.K.S., Gama-Rodrigues, E.F., Gama-Rodrigues, A.C., Machado, R.C.R., Baligar, V.C. 2010. Relationships between invertebrate communities, litter quality and soil attributes under different cacao agroforestry systems in the south of Bahia, Brazil. Applied soil ecology 46(3),347-354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.10.006.
33. Paruelo, J.M., Guerschman, J.P., Verón, S.R. 2005. Expansión agrícola y cambios en el uso del suelo. Ciencia hoy 15(87), 14-23.
34. Smith, Martin R. 2017. Ternary: An R Package for Creating Ternary Plots. Zenodo, https://10.5281/zenodo.1068996.
35. Team R. 2015. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna. Available online at https://www.R-project.org/.Ter Braak, C.J.F. 1987. The analysis of vegetation-environment relationships by canonical correspondence analysis. Vegetatio 69, 69–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00038688.
36. Vargas, J.G.P., Recamier, B.E.M., De Oyarzabal, A. 2014. Guía ilustrada para los artrópodos edáficos. La prensa de Ciencias, Mexico. p84. ISBN: 9786070250712.
37. Wardle DA. 2006. The influence of biotic interactions on soil biodiversity. Ecol Lett. 9(7):870-86. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00931.x. PMID: 16796577.