Potential of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia for the biodegradation of hydrocarbons and heavy metals. A systematic review with meta-analysis

Potencial de Stenotrophomonas maltophilia para la biodegradación de hidrocarburos y metales pesados. Una revisión sistemática con meta-análisis

Pollution of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems by toxic substances such as hydrocarbons and heavy metals, manipulated to a great extent in activities fundamental to the world economy, is currently one of the most serious and dangerous growing environmental problems for human and environmental health. Hydrocarbons are generated in large quantities by the incomplete burning of organic matter, inevitably reaching the soil and water and then, due to their properties, bioaccumulate causing serious damage to living beings. On the other hand, heavy metals, very useful in industry, especially in mining, when they accumulate in the soil and in water in high concentrations, cause different damages both in plants and in humans and animals. The objective of this review was to analyze how the use of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has increased in recent years in research related to the bioremediation of ecosystems contaminated with these substances. Materials and methods: A meta-analysis were carried out in two consecutive periods of fifteen years, the first between 1990 and 2005, and the second between 2006 and 2021; when applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, certain publications were selected in order to analyze the evolution in research on the capacity of S. maltophilia for the biodegradation of hydrocarbons and heavy metals. Results: When selecting the publications, it was evidenced that the study of the biodegradation potential of S. maltophilia increased notably in the second period of time, most likely due to the growth of environmental problems and the growing impact of taking advantage of the metabolic characteristics of microorganisms for different purposes in recent years.

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