Investigación de la clasificación de máquinas de vectores de soporte en la estimación del área de bosques caducifolios latifoliados en el norte de Irán

Investigation of classification of support vector machine on the estimation of the deciduous broad-leaved forests area in the north of Iran

Durante las últimas décadas, los bosques del Caspio han sido atacados por la interferencia humana. El fácil acceso, la abundancia y diversidad de valiosos productos forestales han provocado el aumento de la densidad poblacional, la creación de nuevas zonas residenciales y la actividad de deforestación. Revelar los cambios es uno de los métodos básicos en la gestión y evaluación de los recursos naturales. El propósito de este estudio es estimar el área forestal utilizando un modelo de clasificación de máquinas de vectores de soporte en imágenes de satélite Landsat 8 en los bosques de Shafarood de la provincia de Gilan. Los resultados de la clasificación de imágenes en el método de la máquina de vectores de soporte mostraron que el área del bosque en 2010 era igual a 12104,64 hectáreas, la cual ha llegado a 9478,69 hectáreas en 2020, es decir, su superficie ha disminuido en 2625,95 hectáreas debido a cambios en su uso y su conversión a uso residencial y pastizales pobres. Con su crecimiento en los años 2010 a 2020, el uso residencial ha pasado de 1385,1 a 2542,35, es decir, la superficie ha aumentado en 1157,25 hectáreas. Los cambios en el uso de los pastos también han supuesto un aumento de 2.707,74 a 4.478,17 hectáreas, es decir, 1.770,43. La razón del aumento de este uso puede afirmarse que muchas partes del uso forestal se han convertido en pastizales pobres. De acuerdo con el coeficiente Kappa y la precisión global obtenida por la clasificación de la máquina de vectores de soporte en 2010 y 2020, para 2010 se obtuvo 95,76 y 91,75% y 99,72 y 99,62% en 2020. Los resultados mostraron que el método de la máquina de vectores de soporte tuvo una mayor exactitud en la separación de usos.

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