Producción de ácido láctico por vía biotecnológica

Biotechnological production of lactic acid

Publicado 30-12-2010

Abrir | Descargar
PDF (Inglés) FLIP PDF FLIP
Cómo citar
Garcia, C., Arrázola Paternina, G. S., & Durango Villadiego, A. M. (2010). Producción de ácido láctico por vía biotecnológica. Temas Agrarios, 15(2), 9-26. https://doi.org/10.21897/rta.v15i2.676
doi

https://doi.org/10.21897/rta.v15i2.676
Dimensions
PlumX
Licencia
Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.

Carlos Garcia
Universidad de Córdoba, Montería, Colombia
Guillermo Segundo Arrázola Paternina
Universidad de Córdoba, Montería, Colombia
Alba Manuela Durango Villadiego
Universidad de Córdoba, Montería, Colombia
Mostrar biografía de los autores
El ácido láctico es un ácido orgánico valorado por su aplicación en la industria de alimentos, farmacéutica, química y su potencial como materia prima para la producción de polímeros biodegradables. Por lo tanto, la producción biotecnológica de ácido láctico ha adquirido gran importancia industrial con respecto a la síntesis química debido a que usa materias primas renovables y es amigable con el ambiente. En décadas recientes las investigaciones están direccionadas a optimizar la producción de ácido láctico con la premisa de lograr mayor productividad, rendimientos y bajo costo. Los parámetros del bioproceso tales como los microorganismos, la composición de los nutrientes, los sistemas de producción, bioreactores y metodologías de análisis son revisadas en este documento.

Visitas del artículo 3948 | Visitas PDF

Descargas

Los datos de descarga todavía no están disponibles.
  1. Adsul, M., Khire, J., Bastawde, K. y Gokhale, D. 2007. Production of Lactic Acid from Cellobiose and Cellotriose by Lactobacillus delbrueckii Mutant Uc-3. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73 (15): 5055–5057.
  2. Agarwal, L., Dutt, K., Meghwanshi, G. y Saxena, R. 2008. Anaerobic fermentative production of lactic acid using cheese whey and corn steep liquor. Biotechnology Letters 30 (4): 631-635.
  3. Alonso, J., Garrote, G., Domínguez, H., Santos, V. y Parajo, J. 2009. Lactic acid from apple pomace: a laboratory experiment for teaching valorisation of wastes. CyTA - Journal of Food 7 (2): 83 - 88.
  4. Altaf, M., Naveena, B. y Gopal, R. 2005. Screening of Inexpensive Nitrogen Sources for Production of L(+) Lactic Acid from Starch by Amylolytic Lactobacillus amylophilus GV6 in Single Step Fermentation. Food Technology and. Biotechnolology 43 (3): 235–239.
  5. Altaf M., Naveena, B., Venkateshwar, M., Vijay Kumar, E. y Gopal, R. 2006. Single step fermentation of starch to L(+) lactic acid by Lactobacillus amylophilus GV6 in SSF using inexpensive nitrogen sources to replace peptone and yeast extract-optimization by RSM. Process Biochemistry 41(2): 465–472.
  6. Altaf, M., Naveena, B. y Gopal, R. 2007a. Use of inexpensive nitrogen sources and starch for L(+) lactic acid production in anaerobic submerged fermentation. Bioresource Technology 98: 498–503.
  7. Altaf, M., Venkateshwar, M., Srijana, M. y Gopal, R. 2007b. An economic approach for L-(+) lactic acid fermentation by Lactobacillus amylophilus GV6 using inexpensive carbon and nitrogen sources. Journal of Applied Microbiology 103(2): 372 - 380.
  8. Altiok, D. 2004. Kinetic Modelling of Lactic Acid Production from Whey. Master of Science, Izmir Institute of Technology, Food Engineering, Izmir, Turkey.
  9. Amrane, A. y Prigent,Y. 1996. A novel concept of bioreactor: Specialized function two-stage continuous reactor, and its application to lactose conversion into lactic acid. Journal of Biotechnology45 (3): 195-203.
  10. Arasaratnam, V., Senthuran, A. y Balasubramaniam, K. 1996. Supplementation of whey with glucose and different nitrogen sources for lactic acid production by Lactobacillus delbrueckii. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 19 (7): 482-486.
  11. Arias, M., Mariohenao, L., Castrillón, Y. 2009. Producción de ácido láctico por fermentación de mucílago de café con Lactobacillus bulgaricus NRRL-B548. Dyna 76 (158): 147-153.
  12. Bhatta, S. y Srivastava, S. 2008. Lactic Acid Production from Cane Molasses by Lactobacillus delbrueckii NCIM 2025 in Submerged Condition: Optimization of Medium Component by Taguchi DOE Methodology. Food Biotechnology 22 (2): 115 - 139.
  13. Bu¨yu¨kkileci, A. y Harsa, S. 2004. Batch production of L(+) lactic acid from whey by Lactobacillus casei (NRRL B-441). Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 79: 1036–1040.
  14. Bustos, G., De la Torre, N., Martínez, M., Casares, A. y Domarco, Y. 2004. Evaluación de azúcares hemicelulósicos de las podas de sarmiento y lías de vinificación como medio nutritivo para la producción de ácido láctico por Lactobacillus pentosus. Ciencia y Tecnología Alimentaria 4 (004): 283-291.
  15. Choudhury, T. y Swaminathan, T. 2006. Lactic acid fermentation in cell-recycle membrane bioreactor. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 128 (2): 171-183
  16. Costa, V., Basso, T., Angeloni, L. y Marilia Oetterer, L. 2008. Production of acetic acid, ethanol and optical isomers of lactic acid by Lactobacillus strains isolated from industrial ethanol fermentations Ciência e Agrotecnologia 32 (2): 503-509.
  17. De Lima, C., Fontes, L., Blanco, K. y Contiero, J. 2009. Response surface optimization of D(-)-lactic acid production from LactobacillusSMI8 using corn steep liquor and yeast autolysate as nitrogen sources. African Journal of Food Science 3 (9): 257-261.
  18. Ding, S. y Tan, T. 2006. L-lactic acid production by Lactobacillus casei fermentation using different fed-batch feeding strategies. Process Biochemistry 41 (6): 1451-1454.
  19. Dong-Mei Bai, Min-Ze Jia, Xue-Ming Zhao, Rui Ban, Fei Shen, Xin-Gang Li, Shi-Min Xu. 2003. L (+) lactic acid production by pellet-form Rhizopus oryzae R1021 in a stirred tank fermentor. Chemical Engineering Science 58 (3-6): 785-791.
  20. Dumbrepatil, A., Adsul, M., Chaudhari, S. y Jayant Khire, A. 2008. Utilization of Molasses Sugar for Lactic Acid Production by Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii Mutant Uc-3 in Batch Fermentation. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74 (1): 333-335.
  21. Giorno, L., Chojnacka, K., Donato, L. y Drioli, E.2002. Study of a Cell-Recycle Membrane Fermentor for the Production of Lactic Acid by Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 41 (3) : 433–440.
  22. Göksungur, Y., Gündüz, M. y Harsa, S. 2005. Optimization of lactic acid production from whey by L. casei NRRL B-441 immobilized in chitosan stabilized Caalginate beads. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 80(11): 1282-1290.
  23. Gopal, R., Altaf, Md., Naveena, B., Venkateshwar, M. y Vijay Kumar E. 2008. Amylolytic bacterial lactic acid fermentation -A review. Biotechnology Advances 26 (1): 22-24.
  24. Gündüz, M. 2005. Lactic acid production by Lactobacillus casei NRRL B-441 immobilized in chitosan stabilized Ca-alginate beads. Tesis de Master of Science, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir.
  25. Hofvendahl, K. y Hägerdal, B. 2000. Factors affecting the fermentative lactic acid production from renewable resources. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 26(2- 4): 87-107.
  26. Huang, L., Jin, B., Lant, P. y Zhou, J. 2005. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of potato starch wastewater to lactic acid by Rhizopus oryzae and Rhizopus arrhizus. Biochemical Engineering Journal 23(3): 265–76.
  27. Idris, A. 2006. Effect of sodium alginate concentration, bead diameter, initial pH and temperature on lactic acid production from pineapple waste using immobilized Lactobacillus delbrueckii. Process Biochemistry 41 (5): 1117-1123.
  28. Joshi, S., Singhvi, M., Khire, J. y Gokhale, D. 2010. Strain improvement of Lactobacillus lactis for D-lactic acid production. Biotechnology Letters 32 (4): 517-520.
  29. Kenji Okano, S., Sakurako, K., Junya, N., Hideki, F. y Akihiko, K. 2007. Improvement in lactic acid production from starch using α-amylase-secreting Lactococcus lactis cells adapted to maltose or starch. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 75 (5): 1007-1013.
  30. Korbekandi, H., Abedi, D., Jalali, M., Fazeli, M. y Heidari, M. 2007. Optimization of Lactobacillus casei growth and lactic acidproduction in batch culture.Journal of Biotechnology 131(1): 133–187.
  31. Kourkoutas, Y., V. Xolias,V., Kallis,M., Bezirtzoglou, E. y Kanellaki, M. 2005. Lactobacillus casei cell immobilization on fruit pieces for probiotic additive, fermented milk and lactic acid production. Process Biochemistry 408(1): 411–416.
  32. Kyla¨-nikkila, K., Hujanen, M., Leisola, M . y Palva, A. 2000. Metabolic Engineering of Lactobacillus helveticus CNRZ32 for Production of Pure L-(1)-Lactic Acid. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66 (9): 3835–3841.
  33. Lee, K. 2004. Comparison of fermentative capacities of Lactobacilli in single and mixed culture in industrial media. Process Biochemistry40 (5): 1559-1564.
  34. Limin Wang, Bo Zhao, Bo Liu, Bo Yu, Cuiqing Ma, Fei Su, Dongliang Hua, Qinggang Li, Yanhe Ma, Ping Xu. 2010a. Efficient production of l-lactic acid from corncob molasses, a waste by-product in xylitol production, by a newly isolated xylose utilizing Bacillus sp. strain, Bioresource Technology, 101(20): 7908-7915.
  35. Limin Wang, Bo Zhao, Bo Liu, Chunyu Yang, Bo Yu, Qinggang Li, Cuiqing Ma, Ping Xu, Yanhe Ma. 2010b. Efficient production of l-lactic acid from cassava powder by Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bioresource Technology, 101(20): 7895-7901.
  36. Liu, Y., Wen, Z., Liao, W., Liu, C. y Chen, S. 2005. Optimization of the process for the production of l(+)-lactic acid from cull potato by Rhizopus oryzae. Engineering in Life Sciences 5(4): 343–349.
  37. Marja Ilmén, K., Koivuranta, K., Ruohonen, L., Suominen, P. y Penttilä, M. 2007. Efficient Production of L-Lactic Acid from Xylose by Pichia stipitis. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73 (1): 117–123.
  38. Marták, J., Schlosser, S., Sabolova, E., Kristofi’kova, L. y Rosenberg, M. 2003. Fermentation for lactic acid with Rhizopus arrhizus in a stirred tank reactor with a periodical bleed and feed operation. Process Biochemistry 38(11): 1573–1583.
  39. Min-Tian, G., Koide, M., Gotou, R., Takanashi, H., y Hirata, M. 2005. Development of a continuous electrodialysis fermentation system for production of lactic acid by Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Process Biochemistry 40(3-4): 1033- 1036.
  40. Mirdamadi, S., Atashgahi, S., Rajabi, A., AzizMohseni, F., Roayaei, M. y Hamedi, J. 2008. Cell entrapment of Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei ATCC 39392 for lactic acid production. Iranian Journal of Biotechnology 6 (1): 16-21.
  41. Moo-Young, M., Moreira, A. y Tengerdy, R. 1983 Principles of the Solid Substrate Fermentation. In Filamentous Fungi. 4. Ed. J. E. Smith, D. R. Berry and B. Kristianse, Edward Arnold, p117-144.
  42. Mussatto, S., Fernandes, M., Mancilha, I. y Roberto, I. 2008. Effects of medium supplementation and pH control on lactic acid production from brewer’s spent grain. Biochemical Engineering Journal 40 (3): 437-444.
  43. Nabi, B. y Ardalan, B. 2004. Batch and continuous production of lactic acid from whey by immobilized Lactobacillus. Journal of Environmental Studies 30(34): 47–53.
  44. Nagarjun, P., Rao, R., Rajesham, S. y Rao, L. 2005. Optimization of Lactic Acid Production in SSF by Lactobacillus amylovorus NRRL B-4542 Using Taguchi Methodology. The Journal of Microbiology 43 (1): 38-43.
  45. Nancib, A., Nancib, N., Meziane-Cherif,D., Boubendir,A., Fick,M. y Boudrant, J. 2005. Joint effect of nitrogen sources and B vitamin supplementation of date juice on lactic acid production by Lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus. Bioresource Technology 96 (1): 63-67.
  46. Narayanan, N., Roychoudhury, P. K., y Srivastava, A. 2004. L (+) lactic acid fermentation and its product polymerization. http:// www.ejbiotechnology.info/content/ vol7/issue2/full/7/index.html. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 7 (2).
  47. Naveena,B., Altaf, Md., Bhadrayya, K., Madhavendra, S. y Gopal, R. 2005a. Direct fermentation of starch to L(+) lactic acid in SSF by Lactobacillus amylophilus GV6 using wheat bran as support and substrate-medium optimization using RSM. Process Biochemistry 40(2): 681– 690.
  48. Naveena, B., Altaf, M., Bhadrayya, K., y Madhavendra, S. 2005b. Selection of medium components by Plackett-Burman design for production of L(+) lactic acid by Lactobacillus amylophilus GV6 in SSF using wheat bran. Bioresource Technology 96 (4): 485-490.
  49. Oh, H., Wee, Y., Yun, Y., Han, S., Jung, S. y Ryu, H. 2005. Lactic acid production from agricultural resources as cheap raw materials. Bioresource Technology 96 (13): 1492-1498.
  50. Ohashi, R., Yamamoto, T. y Suzuki, T. 1999. Continuous production of lactic acid from molasses by perfusion culture of Lactococcus lactis using a stirred ceramic membrane reactor. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 87 (5): 647-654.
  51. Ohkouchi, Y. y Inoue Y. 2006. Direct production of L(+)-lactic acid from starch and food wastes using Lactobacillus manihotivorans LMG18011. Bioresource Technology 97: 1554–1562.
  52. Okafor, N. 2007. Modern Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology. Enfield, New Hampshire, United States of America: Science Publishers.
  53. Okano, K., Kimura, S., Narita, J., Fukuda, H. y Kondo, A. 2007. Improvement in lactic acid production from starch using α-amylase-secreting Lactococcus lactis cells adapted to maltose or starch. Applied MicrobiolBiotechnology 75(5):1007–13.
  54. Pandey, A. y Ramachandran, S. 2006. Process Developments in Solid-State Fermentation for Food Applications. In: Shetty, K., Paliyath, G., Paliyath, P. y R. Levin, Food Biotechnology. Boca Raton, p109-133.
  55. Pandey, A. 1992. Recent process developments in solid state fermentation. Process Biochem., 27, 109–17.
  56. Panesar, P., Kennedy, J. y Knill, C. 2007a. Applicability of pectate-entrapped Lactobacillus casei cells for L(+) lactic acid production from whey. Applied Microbial Biotechnology 74(1): 35-42.
  57. Panesar, P., Kennedy, J., Gandh, D. y Bunko, K. 2007b. Bioutilisation of whey for lactic acid production. Food Chemistry 105(1): 1–14.
  58. Park, E., Kosakai, Y. y Okabe, M. 1998. Efficient production of L(+)-lactic acid using mycelial cotton-like flocs of Rhizopus oryzae in an air-lift bioreactor. Biotechnology Progress 14(5): 699-704.
  59. Patel, K. 2007. Statistical screening of medium components by Plackett-Burman design for lactic acid production by Lactobacillus sp. KCP01 using date juice. Bioresource Technology 98 (1): 98-103.
  60. Patil, S., Kadam, S., Bastawde, K., Khire, J. y Gokhale, D. 2006. Production of lactic acid and fructose from media with cane sugar using mutant of Lactobacillus delbrueckii NCIM 2365. Letters in Applied Microbiology 43 (1): 53-7.
  61. Pessôa de França, F., Auta, M. y Santos, F. 2009. Enhancement of lactic acid fermentation by Lactobacillus delbrueckii ATCC 6949 using sugarcane molasses. Canadian Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 3 (2): 773-778.
  62. Plessas, S., Bosnea, L., Psarianos, C., Koutinas, A., Marchant, R. y Banat, I. 2008. Lactic acid production by mixed cultures of Kluyveromyces marxianus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus and Lactobacillus helveticus. Bioresource Technology 99 (13) 5951–5955.
  63. Qi, B. y Yao, R. 2007. L-lactic acid production from lactobacillus casei by solid state fermentation using rice straw. BioResources 2 (3): 419-429.
  64. Rivas, B., Moldes, A. y Domínguez, J. 2004a. Development of culture media containing spent yeast cell of Debaryomyces hanseii and corn step liquour for lactic acid production with Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Internacional Journal of Food Microbiology 97: 93-98.
  65. Rivas, B., Moldes, A. y Domínguez, J. 2004b. Lactic acid production from corn cobs by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation: a mathematical interpretation. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 34 627-634.
  66. Rojan, P., Madhavan, K., Syamaprasad, A. y Pandey, A. 2005. L(+)-lactic acid production using Lactobacillus casei in solid-state fermentation. Biotechnological Letter 27: 1685–8.
  67. Rojan, P., Madhavan, K., Syamaprasad, A. y Pandey, A. 2006. Solid-state fermentation for L-lactic acid production from agro wastes using Lactobacillus delbrueckii. Process Biochemistry 41(4): 759–763.
  68. Rojan, P., Madhavan, N. y Pandey, A. 2006a. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of cassava bagasse for L (+) lactic acid production using Lactobacilli. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology134(3): 263–72.
  69. Rojan, P., Madhavan, N. y Pandey, A. 2006b. Simultaneous saccharification and L-(+)- lactic acid fermentation of protease treated wheat bran using mixed culture of Lactobacilli. Biotechnological Letter 28(22):: 1823–1826.
  70. Rojan, P., Madhavan, N. y Pandey, A. 2006c. Solid-state fermentation for L-lactic acid production from agro wastes using Lactobacillus delbrueckii. Process Biochemistry 41(3): 759–63.
  71. Rojan, J., Nampoothiri, K. y Pandey, A. 2007. Fermentative production of lactic acid from biomass: an overview on process developments and future perspectives. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 74(3): 524–34.
  72. Rojan, P., Anisha, G., Madhavan, K. y Pandey, A. 2009. Direct lactic acid fermentation: Focus on simultaneous saccharification and lactic acid production. Biotechnology Advances 27(2): 145–152.
  73. Sakai, K., Fujii, N. y Chukeatirote, E. 2007. Racemisation of L-lactic acid in pH-swing open fermentation of kitchen refuse by selective proliferation of Lactobacillus plantarum. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengeering 102(3): 227-232.
  74. Schepers, A., Thibault, J. y Lacroix, C. 2002. Lactobacillus helveticus growth and lactic acid production during pH-controlled batch cultures in whey permeate/yeast extract medium. Part I. Multiple factor kinetic analysis. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 30(2): 176-186.
  75. Schepers, A., Thibault, J. y Lacroix, C. 2006. Continuous lactic acid production in whey permeate/yeast extract medium with immobilized Lactobacillus helveticus in a two-stage process: Model and experiments. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 38(3-4): 324–337.
  76. Serna, C. y Rodriguez, A. 2005. Produccion biotecnologica de ácido láctico: estado del arte. Ciencia y Tecnologia de Alimentos 5(1): 54-65.
  77. Serna, L. y Rodríguez, A. 2006. Lactic acid production by a strain of Lactococcus lactis subs lactis isolated from sugar cane plants. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology.http://www. ejbiotechnology.info/content/vol9/ issue1/full/10/. [Abril de 2010].
  78. Serna, L. y Rodríguez, A. 2007. Lactic Acid Fermentative Production using Waste from the Harvest of Green Sugar Cane as a Substrate. Interciencia 32 (005): 328-332.
  79. Serrato, B. y Caicedo, M. 2005. Efecto de la concentración de material inerte en un biocatalizador de alginato de calcio con células inmovilizadas sobre la fermentación láctica. Ingeniería e Investigación 25 (2): 78-82.
  80. Shen, X., y Xia, L. 2006. Lactic acid production from cellulosic waste by immobilized cells of Lactobacillus delbrueckii. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 22(11): 1109-1114.
  81. Sule, B., Murat, E. y Dursun, O. 2004. Effect of diferent carbone sources on L (+) lactic acid production by Rhizopus oryzae. Biochemical Engineering Journal 21(1): 33-7.
  82. Tanaka, T., Hoshina, M., Tanabe, S., Sakai, K., Ohtsubo, S. y Taniguchi, M. 2005. Production of D-lactic acid from defatted rice bran by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. Bioresource Technology 97(2): 211-217.
  83. Tay, A. y Yang, S. 2002. Production of L(+)- lactic acid from glucose and starch by immobilized cells of Rhizopus oryzae in a rotating fibrous bed bioreactor. Biotechnoogy. Engineering 80(1): 1-12.
  84. Thomsen, M., Guyot, J., Kiel, P. 2007. Batch fermentations on synthetic mixed sugar and starch medium with amylolytic lactic acid bacteria. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 74(3): 540–6.
  85. Urríbarrí, L., Vielma, A., Paéz, G., Ferrer, J. y Mármol, Z. 2004. Producción de ácido láctico a partir de suero de leche utilizando Lactobacillus helveticus en cultivo continuo. Revista Cientifica de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad del Zulia 14: 297–302.
  86. Vasala, A., Panula, J., Neubauer, P. 2005. Efficient lactic acid production from high salt containing dairy byproducts by Lactobacillus salivarius ssp salicinius with pre-treatment by proteolytic microorganisms. Journal of Biotechnology 117(4): 421-431.
  87. Vázquez, J. 2008. Mathematical tools for objective comparison of microbial cultures Application to evaluation of 15 peptones for lactic acid bacteria productions. Biochemical Engineering Journal 39(2): 276-287.
  88. Vijayakumar, J., Aravindan, R. y Viruthagiric, T. 2008. Recent Trends in the Production, Purification and Application of Lactic Acid. Chemical and Biochemical Engenniering 22(2): 245-264.
  89. Wang, Q., Wang, X., Wang, X., Ma, H. y Ren, N. 2005. Bioconversion of kitchen garbage to lactic acid by two wild strains of Lactobacillus species. Journal of Enviromental Science and Health 40(10): 1951–62.
  90. Wee, Y., Kim, J. y Ryu, H. 2006a. Biotechnological Production of Lactic Acid and Its Recent Applications. Food Technology and Biotechnology 44(2): 163-172.
  91. Wee, Y.-J. Kim, H.-O. Yun, J.-S. Ryu, H.-W. 2006b. Pilot-Scale Lactic Acid Production via Batch Culturing of Lactobacillus sp. RKY2 Using Corn Steep Liquor as a Nitrogen Source. Food Technology Biotechnology44 (2): 293–29.
  92. Wee, Y., Reddy, L. y Ryu, H. 2005. Fermentative production of L(+)-lactic acid from starch hydrolyzate and corn steep liquor as inexpensive nutrients by batch culture of Enterococcus faecalis RKY1. Journal of Chemical Technology y Biotechnology 83 (10): 1387 - 1393.
  93. Xu, G., Chu, J., Wang, Y., Zhuanga Y., Zhang, S. y Peng, H. 2006. Development of a continuous cell-recycle fermentation system for production of lactic acid by Lactobacillus paracasei. Process Biochemistry 41 (12): 2458-2463.
  94. Yu MC, Wang RC, Wang CY, Duan KJ, Sheu DC. 2007. Enhancedproduction of L(+)-lactic acid by floc-form culture of Rhizopus oryzae.J. Chinese Inst. Chem. Eng. 38: 223-228.
  95. Zhang, Z., B. Jin, B. y Kelly, J. 2005. Production of lactic acid and byproducts from waste potato starch by Rhizopus arrhizus : role of nitrogen sources. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 23 (2): 265.
  96. Zhang, Z., Jin, B. y Kelly, J. 2007a. Production of lactic acid from renewable materials by Rhizopus fungi. Biochemical Engineering Journal 35: 251–263.
  97. Zhang, Z., Jin, B. y Kelly, J. 2007b. Production of lactic acid and byproducts from waste potato starch by Rhizopus arrhizus: role of nitrogen sources. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 23 (2): 229-236.
Tutoriales

Autores:

¿Cómo enviar un artículo?

Par evaluador:

¿Cómo evaluar un artículo?

Perfil de Google Scholar

Más leídos en los últimos 30 días

Palabras clave

Código QR

Sistema OJS 3.4.0.3 - Metabiblioteca |