ANÁLISIS DE LOS EFECTOS QUE PRODUCE LA PRESENCIA DEL CADMIO EN EL CULTIVO DE CACAO (theobroma cacao)

ANÁLISIS DE LOS EFECTOS QUE PRODUCE LA PRESENCIA DEL CADMIO EN EL CULTIVO DE CACAO (theobroma cacao)

This research refers to a study of the different investigations related to the presence of cadmium in cocoa crops (theobroma cacao), developed in Ecuador. (Bruce A., 2009), points out that cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal existing in the environment (soil, air and water) that can be present in various foods consumed by man, accumulating in the body throughout the life, being able to reach toxic levels. That is why its intake at high levels is considered a health risk. The cadmium present in the soil may be of geogenic origin, resulting from the soil formation process and the composition of the bedrock; or of anthropic origin due to incorporation into the soil (voluntary or involuntary) as part of human activity (Romero, 2008). According to the (World Health Organization WHO, 2020) the harmful effect that cadmium causes in humans is in the kidneys and in the bone and respiratory systems; in addition, it is classified as a human carcinogen. Methods used in research is inductive, deductive, analytical and logical. The secondary source allowed the compilation of scientific articles by different authors. According to studies carried out, some attribute the presence of cadmium in cocoa beans to the use of water contaminated by illegal mining activities. The accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils is a risk and its negative effects depend on the concentration of the metal and the specific properties of the soil. It is said that agricultural soil is polluted when its total concentration exceeds 1.4 mg / kg of total Cd according to the Environmental Quality Standards, depending on the different studies carried out, analysis topics of this research have shown that all agricultural areas do not cadmium is found in crops and other traces of cadmium in agricultural products are being investigated,

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